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The lower Carboniferous blastoid Astrocrinus tetragonus (Austin and Austin), from Grassington, Yorkshire, and the validity of Astrocrinus benniei (Etheridge)

View ORCID ProfileC. R. C. Paul, View ORCID ProfileD. B. Macurda Jr and J. J. Savill
Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society, 63, pygs2021-001, 26 May 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/pygs2021-001
C. R. C. Paul
1School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK
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D. B. Macurda Jr
2214 Leaflet Lane, Spring, TX, 77388, USA
Roles: [Validation (Lead)], [Writing – review & editing (Supporting)]
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J. J. Savill
32 Garris House, Airton, North Yorkshire, BD23 4AL, UK
Roles: [Data curation (Equal)], [Validation (Equal)], [Writing – review & editing (Supporting)]
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Abstract

Despite surviving longer than any other blastozoans, blastoids were exceptionally conservative in their morphology and usually symmetrically pentaradiate. Astrocrinus is a rare exception that lacked a stem and some thecal plates, although differing interpretations of its morphology and taxonomy have been published. Astrocrinus had a flattened, tetralobate theca covered in minute spines, and with a plane of symmetry through the AB interray and the D ray. Four ambulacra are long, thin, and curved down deep sinuses between the thecal lobes to reach the basal surface. The D ambulacrum is short, broad and horizontal. Astrocrinus tetragonus was first described from the Carboniferous Limestone of Settle, Yorkshire. Here it is recorded for the first time from the Brigantian, near Grassington. The new specimens confirm that A. tetragonus had a single basal plate which is kite-shaped, entirely surrounded by four radials and separated from the D ray radial. Astrocrinus benniei was described from the Scottish Brigantian and its basal plate is elongate pentagonal with a short common suture with the D ray radial. Astrocrinus occurs in the Irish Asbian and Brigantian. To date, only A. tetragonus can be confirmed from Ireland.

  • © 2021 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London for the Yorkshire Geological Society. All rights reserved
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Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological 				Society: 63 (4)
Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society
Volume 63, Issue 4
November 2021
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The lower Carboniferous blastoid Astrocrinus tetragonus (Austin and Austin), from Grassington, Yorkshire, and the validity of Astrocrinus benniei (Etheridge)

C. R. C. Paul, D. B. Macurda and J. J. Savill
Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society, 63, pygs2021-001, 26 May 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/pygs2021-001
C. R. C. Paul
1School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for C. R. C. Paul
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
D. B. Macurda Jr
2214 Leaflet Lane, Spring, TX, 77388, USA
Roles: [Validation (Lead)], [Writing – review & editing (Supporting)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for D. B. Macurda Jr
J. J. Savill
32 Garris House, Airton, North Yorkshire, BD23 4AL, UK
Roles: [Data curation (Equal)], [Validation (Equal)], [Writing – review & editing (Supporting)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site

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The lower Carboniferous blastoid Astrocrinus tetragonus (Austin and Austin), from Grassington, Yorkshire, and the validity of Astrocrinus benniei (Etheridge)

C. R. C. Paul, D. B. Macurda and J. J. Savill
Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society, 63, pygs2021-001, 26 May 2021, https://doi.org/10.1144/pygs2021-001
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